The Gurobi APIs (Java, Python, C++, .NET, R, and MATLAB) are thin layers built on top of the C API. These APIs collect the data and pass it on to the core library, which is written in C. From a solver and solving performance point of view, there is no difference between, for example, Python and Java.
However, factors such as the chosen API, its execution speed, the user's proficiency in the programming language, and the data structures employed can all influence the time and memory needed to build the model.